| adrenergic receptor signaling pathway |
A G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway initiated by a ligand binding to an adrenergic receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process. |
| atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential |
An action potential that occurs in an atrial cardiac muscle cell. |
| auditory receptor cell development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of an auditory receptor cell over time, from its formation to the mature structure. Cell development does not include the steps involved in committing a cell to a specific fate. |
| cardiac conduction |
Transfer of an organized electrical impulse across the heart to coordinate the contraction of cardiac muscles. The process begins with generation of an action potential (in the sinoatrial node (SA) in humans) and ends with a change in the rate, frequency, or extent of the contraction of the heart muscles. |
| cardiac muscle contraction |
Muscle contraction of cardiac muscle tissue. |
| cellular chloride ion homeostasis |
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of chloride ions at the level of a cell. |
| cellular response to cAMP |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cAMP (cyclic AMP, adenosine 3',5'-cyclophosphate) stimulus. |
| cellular response to epinephrine stimulus |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epinephrine stimulus. Epinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C9H13NO3; it is secreted by the adrenal medulla to act as a hormone, and released by certain neurons to act as a neurotransmitter active in the central nervous system. |
| cellular response to xenobiotic stimulus |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a stimulus from a xenobiotic, a compound foreign to the organism exposed to it. It may be synthesized by another organism (like ampicilin) or it can be a synthetic chemical. |
| chloride ion homeostasis |
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of chloride ions within an organism or cell. |
| circulatory system development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the circulatory system over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The circulatory system is the organ system that passes nutrients (such as amino acids and electrolytes), gases, hormones, blood cells, etc. to and from cells in the body to help fight diseases and help stabilize body temperature and pH to maintain homeostasis. |
| cochlea development |
The progression of the cochlea over time from its formation to the mature structure. The cochlea is the snail-shaped portion of the inner ear that is responsible for the detection of sound. |
| corticosterone secretion |
The regulated release of corticosterone into the circulatory system. Corticosterone is a 21-carbon steroid hormone of the corticosteroid type produced in the cortex of the adrenal glands. |
| detection of mechanical stimulus involved in sensory perception of sound |
The series of events involved in the perception of sound vibration in which the vibration is received and converted into a molecular signal. |
| erythrocyte differentiation |
The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires specializes features of an erythrocyte. |
| gastric acid secretion |
The regulated release of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) by parietal or oxyntic cells during digestion. |
| gastrin-induced gastric acid secretion |
The regulated release of gastric acid induced by the interaction of gastrin with its receptor. |
| gene expression |
The process in which a gene's sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). This includes the production of an RNA transcript and its processing, translation and maturation for protein-coding genes. |
| glucose metabolic process |
The chemical reactions and pathways involving glucose, the aldohexose gluco-hexose. D-glucose is dextrorotatory and is sometimes known as dextrose; it is an important source of energy for living organisms and is found free as well as combined in homo- and hetero-oligosaccharides and polysaccharides. |
| heart development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the heart over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The heart is a hollow, muscular organ, which, by contracting rhythmically, keeps up the circulation of the blood. |
| inner ear development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the inner ear over time, from its formation to the mature structure. |
| inner ear morphogenesis |
The process in which the anatomical structures of the inner ear are generated and organized. The inner ear is the structure in vertebrates that contains the organs of balance and hearing. It consists of soft hollow sensory structures (the membranous labyrinth) containing fluid (endolymph) surrounded by fluid (perilymph) and encased in a bony cavity (the bony labyrinth). It consists of two chambers, the sacculus and utriculus, from which arise the cochlea and semicircular canals respectively. |
| intestinal absorption |
Any process in which nutrients are taken up from the contents of the intestine. |
| iodide transport |
The directed movement of iodide into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| membrane repolarization |
The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the membrane potential changes in the repolarizing direction, toward the steady state potential. For example, the repolarization during an action potential is from a positive membrane potential towards a negative resting potential. |
| membrane repolarization during action potential |
The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the membrane potential changes in the direction from the positive membrane potential at the peak of the action potential towards the negative resting potential. |
| membrane repolarization during atrial cardiac muscle cell action potential |
The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the atrial cardiomyocyte membrane potential changes in the direction from the positive membrane potential at the peak of the action potential towards the negative resting potential. |
| membrane repolarization during cardiac muscle cell action potential |
The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the cardiac muscle cell plasma membrane potential changes in the direction from the positive membrane potential at the peak of the action potential towards the negative resting potential. |
| membrane repolarization during ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential |
The process in which ions are transported across a membrane such that the ventricular cardiomyocyte membrane potential changes in the direction from the positive membrane potential at the peak of the action potential towards the negative resting potential. |
| negative regulation of delayed rectifier potassium channel activity |
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of delayed rectifier potassium channel activity. |
| negative regulation of gene expression |
Any process that decreases the frequency, rate or extent of gene expression. Gene expression is the process in which a gene's coding sequence is converted into a mature gene product (protein or RNA). |
| negative regulation of insulin secretion |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of the regulated release of insulin. |
| negative regulation of voltage-gated potassium channel activity |
Any process that stops, prevents or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of voltage-gated potassium channel activity. |
| non-motile cilium assembly |
The aggregation, arrangement and bonding together of a set of components to form a non-motile cilium. |
| positive regulation of cardiac muscle contraction |
Any process that increases the frequency, rate or extent of cardiac muscle contraction. |
| positive regulation of gastric acid secretion |
Any process that increases the rate frequency or extent of gastric secretion. Gastric secretion is the regulated release of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) by parietal or oxyntic cells during digestion. |
| positive regulation of heart rate |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency or rate of heart contraction. |
| positive regulation of potassium ion transmembrane transport |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of potassium ion transmembrane transport. |
| potassium ion export across plasma membrane |
The directed movement of potassium ions from inside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the extracellular region. |
| potassium ion homeostasis |
Any process involved in the maintenance of an internal steady state of potassium ions within an organism or cell. |
| potassium ion import across plasma membrane |
The directed movement of potassium ions from outside of a cell, across the plasma membrane and into the cytosol. |
| potassium ion transmembrane transport |
A process in which a potassium ion is transported from one side of a membrane to the other. |
| potassium ion transport |
The directed movement of potassium ions (K+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| regulation of atrial cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization |
Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential in the polarizing direction towards the resting potential in an atrial cardiomyocyte. |
| regulation of blood pressure |
Any process that modulates the force with which blood travels through the circulatory system. The process is controlled by a balance of processes that increase pressure and decrease pressure. |
| regulation of gastric acid secretion |
Any process that modulates the rate frequency or extent of gastric secretion. Gastric secretion is the regulated release of gastric acid (hydrochloric acid) by parietal or oxyntic cells during digestion. |
| regulation of gene expression by genomic imprinting |
An epigenetic mechanism of regulation of gene expression in which epigenetic modifications (imprints) are established during gametogenesis. For a given gene to show parentally biased expression, the imprint are established exclusively in one of the two parental genomes, thus generating an asymmetry between the maternal and paternal alleles. |
| regulation of heart rate |
Any process that modulates the frequency or rate of heart contraction. |
| regulation of heart rate by cardiac conduction |
A cardiac conduction process that modulates the frequency or rate of heart contraction. |
| regulation of membrane potential |
Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential, the electric potential existing across any membrane arising from charges in the membrane itself and from the charges present in the media on either side of the membrane. |
| regulation of membrane repolarization |
Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential in the polarizing direction towards the resting potential, usually from positive to negative. |
| regulation of transporter activity |
Any process that modulates the activity of a transporter. |
| regulation of ventricular cardiac muscle cell membrane repolarization |
Any process that modulates the establishment or extent of a membrane potential in the polarizing direction towards the resting potential in a ventricular cardiomyocyte. |
| regulation of voltage-gated sodium channel activity |
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of voltage-gated sodium channel activity. |
| renal absorption |
A renal system process in which water, ions, glucose and proteins are taken up from the collecting ducts, glomerulus and proximal and distal loops of the nephron. In non-mammalian species, absorption may occur in related structures (e.g. protein absorption is observed in nephrocytes in Drosophila, see PMID:23264686). |
| renal sodium ion absorption |
A renal system process in which sodium ions are taken up from the collecting ducts and proximal and distal loops of the nephron. In non-mammalian species, absorption may occur in related structures. |
| response to anesthetic |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an anesthetic stimulus. An anesthetic is a substance that causes loss of feeling, awareness, or sensation. |
| response to epinephrine |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an epinephrine stimulus. Epinephrine is a catecholamine that has the formula C9H13NO3; it is secreted by the adrenal medulla to act as a hormone, and released by certain neurons to act as a neurotransmitter active in the central nervous system. |
| response to insulin |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an insulin stimulus. Insulin is a polypeptide hormone produced by the islets of Langerhans of the pancreas in mammals, and by the homologous organs of other organisms. |
| response to nicotine |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a nicotine stimulus. |
| rhythmic behavior |
The specific behavior of an organism that recur with measured regularity. |
| sensory perception of sound |
The series of events required for an organism to receive an auditory stimulus, convert it to a molecular signal, and recognize and characterize the signal. Sonic stimuli are detected in the form of vibrations and are processed to form a sound. |
| social behavior |
Behavior directed towards society, or taking place between members of the same species. Occurs predominantly, or only, in individuals that are part of a group. |
| sodium ion transport |
The directed movement of sodium ions (Na+) into, out of or within a cell, or between cells, by means of some agent such as a transporter or pore. |
| stomach development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the stomach over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The stomach is an expanded region of the vertebrate alimentary tract that serves as a food storage compartment and digestive organ. |
| ventricular cardiac muscle cell action potential |
An action potential that occurs in a ventricular cardiac muscle cell. |