| activated T cell proliferation |
The expansion of a T cell population following activation by an antigenic stimulus. |
| B cell differentiation |
The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a B cell. A B cell is a lymphocyte of B lineage with the phenotype CD19-positive and capable of B cell mediated immunity. |
| cell population proliferation |
The multiplication or reproduction of cells, resulting in the expansion of a cell population. |
| cellular response to cytokine stimulus |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a cytokine stimulus. |
| cellular response to granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a granulocyte macrophage colony-stimulating factor stimulus. |
| cellular response to organic cyclic compound |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of an organic cyclic compound stimulus. |
| cytokine-mediated signaling pathway |
The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of a cytokine to a receptor on the surface of a cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
| defense response |
Reactions, triggered in response to the presence of a foreign body or the occurrence of an injury, which result in restriction of damage to the organism attacked or prevention/recovery from the infection caused by the attack. |
| development of secondary female sexual characteristics |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the secondary female sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structures. In female humans, these include growth of axillary and pubic hair, breast development and menstrual periods. Their development occurs in response to sex hormone secretion. |
| development of secondary male sexual characteristics |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the secondary male sexual characteristics over time, from their formation to the mature structures. In male humans, these include growth of axillary, chest, and pubic hair, voice changes, and testicular/penile enlargement. Development occurs in response to sex hormone secretion. |
| epithelial cell differentiation involved in prostate gland development |
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires specialized features of an epithelial cell of the prostate gland. |
| erythrocyte differentiation |
The process in which a myeloid precursor cell acquires specializes features of an erythrocyte. |
| female pregnancy |
The set of physiological processes that allow an embryo or foetus to develop within the body of a female animal. It covers the time from fertilization of a female ovum by a male spermatozoon until birth. |
| gamma-delta T cell differentiation |
The process in which a relatively unspecialized hemopoietic cell acquires specialized features of a gamma-delta T cell. A gamma-delta T cell is a T cell that expresses a gamma-delta T cell receptor complex. |
| growth hormone receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT |
The process in which STAT proteins (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) are activated by members of the JAK (janus activated kinase) family of tyrosine kinases, following the binding of physiological ligands to the growth hormone receptor. Once activated, STATs dimerize and translocate to the nucleus and modulate the expression of target genes. |
| lactation |
The regulated release of milk from the mammary glands and the period of time that a mother lactates to feed her young. |
| lipid storage |
The accumulation and maintenance in cells or tissues of lipids, compounds soluble in organic solvents but insoluble or sparingly soluble in aqueous solvents. Lipid reserves can be accumulated during early developmental stages for mobilization and utilization at later stages of development. |
| luteinization |
The set of processes resulting in differentiation of theca and granulosa cells into luteal cells and in the formation of a corpus luteum after ovulation. |
| lymphocyte differentiation |
The process in which a relatively unspecialized precursor cell acquires specialized features of a lymphocyte. A lymphocyte is a leukocyte commonly found in the blood and lymph that has the characteristics of a large nucleus, a neutral staining cytoplasm, and prominent heterochromatin. |
| mammary gland development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mammary gland over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. Its development starts with the formation of the mammary line and ends as the mature gland cycles between nursing and weaning stages. |
| mammary gland epithelium development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of the mammary gland epithelium over time, from its formation to the mature structure. The mammary gland is a large compound sebaceous gland that in female mammals is modified to secrete milk. |
| mammary gland involution |
The tissue remodeling that removes differentiated mammary epithelia during weaning. |
| mast cell apoptotic process |
Any apoptotic process in a mast cell, a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation. |
| mast cell differentiation |
The process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a mast cell. A mast cell is a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation. |
| mast cell proliferation |
The expansion of a mast cell population by cell division. |
| mitotic cell cycle |
Progression through the phases of the mitotic cell cycle, the most common eukaryotic cell cycle, which canonically comprises four successive phases called G1, S, G2, and M and includes replication of the genome and the subsequent segregation of chromosomes into daughter cells. In some variant cell cycles nuclear replication or nuclear division may not be followed by cell division, or G1 and G2 phases may be absent. |
| myeloid cell apoptotic process |
Any apoptotic process in a myeloid cell, a cell of the monocyte, granulocyte, mast cell, megakaryocyte, or erythroid lineage. |
| natural killer cell differentiation |
The process in which a relatively unspecialized cell acquires the specialized features of a natural killer cell. |
| natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity |
The directed killing of a target cell by a natural killer cell through the release of granules containing cytotoxic mediators or through the engagement of death receptors. |
| negative regulation of erythrocyte differentiation |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate or extent of erythrocyte differentiation. |
| negative regulation of mast cell apoptotic process |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of mast cell apoptotic process. |
| negative regulation of myeloid cell apoptotic process |
Any process that stops, prevents, or reduces the frequency, rate, or extent of a myeloid cell apoptotic process. |
| peptidyl-tyrosine phosphorylation |
The phosphorylation of peptidyl-tyrosine to form peptidyl-O4'-phospho-L-tyrosine. |
| Peyer's patch development |
The process whose specific outcome is the progression of Peyer's patches over time, from their formation to the mature structure. Peyer's patches are typically found as nodules associated with gut epithelium with distinct internal structures including B- and T-zones for the activation of lymphocytes. |
| positive regulation of activated T cell proliferation |
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of activated T cell proliferation. |
| positive regulation of B cell differentiation |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of B cell differentiation. |
| positive regulation of blood vessel endothelial cell migration |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the migration of the endothelial cells of blood vessels. |
| positive regulation of cell population proliferation |
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of cell proliferation. |
| positive regulation of endothelial cell proliferation |
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of endothelial cell proliferation. |
| positive regulation of gamma-delta T cell differentiation |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of gamma-delta T cell differentiation. |
| positive regulation of inflammatory response |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of the inflammatory response. |
| positive regulation of interleukin-2 production |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate, or extent of interleukin-2 production. |
| positive regulation of lymphocyte differentiation |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of lymphocyte differentiation. |
| positive regulation of mast cell differentiation |
Any process that increases the rate, frequency or extent of mast cell differentiation, the process in which a relatively unspecialized myeloid precursor cell acquires the specialized features of a mast cell. A mast cell is a cell that is found in almost all tissues containing numerous basophilic granules and capable of releasing large amounts of histamine and heparin upon activation. |
| positive regulation of mast cell proliferation |
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of mast cell proliferation. |
| positive regulation of mitotic cell cycle |
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of progression through the mitotic cell cycle. |
| positive regulation of multicellular organism growth |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of growth of an organism to reach its usual body size. |
| positive regulation of natural killer cell differentiation |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell differentiation. |
| positive regulation of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of natural killer cell mediated cytotoxicity. |
| positive regulation of T cell proliferation |
Any process that activates or increases the rate or extent of T cell proliferation. |
| positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
Any process that activates or increases the frequency, rate or extent of transcription from an RNA polymerase II promoter. |
| prostate gland epithelium morphogenesis |
The process in which the anatomical structures of epithelia of the prostate gland are generated and organized. An epithelium consists of closely packed cells arranged in one or more layers, that covers the outer surfaces of the body or lines any internal cavity or tube. |
| receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT |
Any process in which STAT proteins (Signal Transducers and Activators of Transcription) and JAK (Janus Activated Kinase) proteins convey a signal to trigger a change in the activity or state of a cell. The receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT begins with activation of a receptor and proceeeds through STAT protein activation by members of the JAK family of tyrosine kinases. STAT proteins dimerize and subsequently translocate to the nucleus. The pathway ends with regulation of target gene expression by STAT proteins. |
| reelin-mediated signaling pathway |
The series of molecular signals initiated by the binding of reelin (a secreted glycoprotein) to a receptor on the surface of a target cell, and ending with the regulation of a downstream cellular process, e.g. transcription. |
| regulation of cell adhesion |
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of attachment of a cell to another cell or to the extracellular matrix. |
| regulation of cell population proliferation |
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of cell proliferation. |
| regulation of epithelial cell differentiation |
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of epithelial cell differentiation. |
| regulation of multicellular organism growth |
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of growth of the body of an organism so that it reaches its usual body size. |
| regulation of steroid metabolic process |
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of the chemical reactions and pathways involving steroids. |
| regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II |
Any process that modulates the frequency, rate or extent of transcription mediated by RNA polymerase II. |
| response to peptide hormone |
Any process that results in a change in state or activity of a cell or an organism (in terms of movement, secretion, enzyme production, gene expression, etc.) as a result of a peptide hormone stimulus. A peptide hormone is any of a class of peptides that are secreted into the blood stream and have endocrine functions in living animals. |
| T cell differentiation in thymus |
The process in which a precursor cell type acquires the specialized features of a T cell via a differentiation pathway dependent upon transit through the thymus. |
| T cell homeostasis |
The process of regulating the proliferation and elimination of T cells such that the total number of T cells within a whole or part of an organism is stable over time in the absence of an outside stimulus. |
| T cell proliferation |
The expansion of a T cell population by cell division. Follows T cell activation. |
| taurine metabolic process |
The chemical reactions and pathways involving taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid), a sulphur-containing amino acid derivative important in the metabolism of fats. |
| transcription by RNA polymerase II |
The synthesis of RNA from a DNA template by RNA polymerase II (RNAP II), originating at an RNA polymerase II promoter. Includes transcription of messenger RNA (mRNA) and certain small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). |
